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NATIVE CULTURE

How We Left the Bering Land Bridge Theory and What We Think Now Pt 2

Indigenous History Now | October 19, 2024



Here we wrap up our tale regarding the history of Western thought about Indigenous American origins. The Land Bridge Theory is what most Americans alive today were taught in school, but hasn’t been the leading academic theory for almost 2 decades. Watch to learn why and what we do think now.

Pt 1—https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dLFzPXoP1U

If you like my content and want to help the channel thrive, consider supporting me on Patreon!
https://www.patreon.com/indigenoushistorynow

Links to other videos referenced
Were People really in North America 30,000 years ago?: The Chiquihuite Cave site by Nathanael Fosaaen—
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeAZIkNuhIs

The research for this video is heavily indebted to my 2 main sources
The First Americans: In Pursuit of Archaeology’s Greatest Mystery
—JM Adovasio and Jake Page

1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus
—Charles C Mann

Timestamps
00:00 Summary of Clovis 1st
03:02 Bluefish Caves
06:45 Language, genes, and teeth paper
10:57 Intro to genetics
13:12 Indigenous genetics
16:43 Meadowcroft Rockshelter
21:30 Monte Verde
27:42 The Ice Free Corridor
29:40 The Overkill Hypothesis
31:55 Other pre-Clovis sites
34:44 Sea Route Theory
36:52 Austronesian route
40:24 Racist theorizing
42:30 Kennewick Man
46:17 Weird haplogroups
48:40 the Solutrean Hypothesis
52:47 Analysis and conclusion

Written by Indigenous History Now

Comments

This post currently has 47 comments.

  1. @eiriksinclair5986

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Or… Alexandria Egypt got together with the Ethiopian Atlantean trek to the Gold Coast and sailed to Bravalla Moor at the mouth of the Amazon River to Machu Picchu (Jormungandr Dragon). Took the Mississippi north (Midgaard Serpent). Minnesota River to Hudson Bay (Templar from Corpus Christi) and St. Lawrence River to Vineland (Vikings) and returned to European tribes. Irish moved into Europe as Tartars. Toltecs, Aztecs, Incans moved into Baltic Sea to Volga River to battle Huns & Mongols. It reversed in 1201AD to St. Lawrence.

  2. @RobEdson

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Pre-LGM, Beringia and North American corridor was open. Google 'sea level last 200,000 years' for a graph showing 50k years of -60m sea level pre LGM – https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth107/node/1496 . I believe hunting sea mammals and fishing is a viable path but 50 k years of Beringia being open pre-LGM deserves a mention. This PDF shows ice free corridors while Beringia was open pre-LGM – google ' global ice sheet reconstruction for the past 80 000 years' look at pdf (supplemental – https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41467-021-21469-w/MediaObjects/41467_2021_21469_MOESM1_ESM.pdf ) – p 10,11,14,15

  3. @DrCorvid

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    There was a war on the west coast and the redheaded giants were killed and also chased back up the Amur River and their trade depots burned, shuttingdown the fur trade. It takes decent technology to run those guys home against the wind and tides, kinda like the Thunderbird vs Killer Whales war of legend but at any rate the Amur River and Bay of Amore it runs into are nowhere near the Aleutians yet that's where they were chased. And the redheads there had left their Tarim Basin Ket Gaelic as the root language of most of the PNW and central Indian tribes. The Navajo say they had "brought their own Mongols". Those things shed a lot of light on my westcoast history. And the DNA supports the story.

  4. @JungleJargon

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Native Americans crossed the Atlantic to Central America from the Mediterranean Sea. There are four or five haplogroup lineages that show this migration route, A C&D maternal lineages and the Q paternal lineage as well as probably the C paternal lineages make the same crossing.

    People are ignoring actual known human history. The actual historical records and DNA migrations show that everyone spread out from Mesopotamia. Ancient history is essential for everyone to know, especially the sixteen original civilizations… from the sixteen grandsons of Noah. We should learn ancient history before trying to learn science.

    1. The first inhabitants of Italy (K) Tubal
    2. Thracians (L) Tiras
    3. Mediterranean Greek sea people (T) Javan
    4. Siberians & East Asians (NO) Magog
    5. Eastern Europeans & East Eurasians (P) Meshek
    6. Medes (Q) Madai
    7. Western Europeans (R) Gomer
    8. Hebrews and Arabic (IJ) Arphaxad
    9. Elamites (H) Elam
    10. Assyrians (G) Asshur
    11. Arameans (F1) Aram
    12. Lydians (F2) Lud
    13. Cushites (AB, C) Cush
    14. Egyptians (E3) Mitzrayim
    15. Canaanites (E2, D) Canaan
    16. Original North African Phoenicians (E1) Phut

    The D paternal haplogroup Sino descendants of Canaan migrated from Canaan east to China all the way to Japan and Tibet. The C paternal haplogroup descendants of Nimrod migrated as far as South Asia, the Pacific, Mongolia and all the way to the Americas accounting for the Olmec civilization as well as the Q haplogroup descendants of Madai ancestor of the Medes that crossed the Atlantic to Central America.

    The A maternal mtDNA haplogroup belonging to the Semitic N lineage accompanied the Eurasian Q paternal haplogroup to Central America. The C&D maternal haplogroups belonging to the Eurasian M lineage also accompanied the Atlantic crossing of the Q paternal haplogroup Medes and probably the C paternal haplogroup to Central America. The Semitic B maternal mtDNA haplogroup seems to have crossed the Pacific Ocean to South America.

    The Mediterranean paternal R1b and the maternal X2a also found in Galilee represent another Atlantic crossing of the Phoenicians in the days of King Solomon considering also the Mediterranean paternal haplogroups of T, G, I1, I2, J1, J2, E and B in addition to the R1b in Native American Populations. J1 and J2 is Arabs and Jews. (I1 is most likely Dan and I2 resembles the movements of the tribe of Asher)

    Of course there is also the Cohen modal haplotype of J1 P58 as well which identifies the IJ lineage of Hebrews and Arabs that are descended from Arphaxad. J2 M172 is the largest group of descendants probably of the House of the kings David and Solomon. Now you know a lot more of what is verified human history.

    Neanderthals were Eurasians descended from Japheth and Denisovans are a mix of Eurasians and Canaanites and or Cushites descended from Ham.

  5. @WarAndFame

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    i think indians from asia have been here way longer than is understood, and native americans have a claim to the land, however my research into the x chromosome says the x in central asia is not ancestral to x2a either, and the x haplogroup in central asia is also a more recent migration than that found in Europe. i'd love any sources you could cite for this ancestral asian group

  6. @steve-wf3rm

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    A side note not touched on. Clovis sites are much more abundant in the eastern side of the N. American continent. There are several in Florida as well. Very few Clovis points were ever found in Alaska, not from lack of searching. None, zero have ever been found in Siberia across from the "land bridge." This flies in the face of Clovis people crossing from Russia into N. America.

  7. @malo5951

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    1 thing that really bugs me. If you're going to discuss science understand the basic lingo. If one doesn't know the diff between theory and hypothesis, one can't discuss science. A theory is proven w data: theory of relativity, gravity, etc. A hypothesis is a possible explanation that is not yet proven by data. Most laypeople use the word theory when they mean the other.

  8. @timburris3758

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Its Very Simple!! GOD Told 10 Tribes To Disperse And Populate The Earth! 3 Tribes Went Across The Caucouses Mountains! (Caucasions) They Came Gere By Boat And The Land Bridge But They Did As GOD Commanded Them! ✝️✝️✝️

  9. @chadcowan6912

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    There appears to be a pattern of science being dictated by a prescribed policy (similar to the pandemic). Following the "science" you uncover the policies that dictate the predetermined outcome. In academia, if you want the cushion of tenure, don't think for yourself and remember the equation = Policy > Evidence

  10. @stevegarcia3731

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Clovis entering S America via Panama was highly unlikely, due to the nearly-impossible through Darien Gap near the Columbian frontier. Maps that show that paleoindians walked that route need to prove it. If they didn;t come that way, how DID they go to SA?

  11. @edwardd.484

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Science is in a constant state of the equivalent of the Clovis First Hypothesis, as in firmly gripping to a theory and refuting any and all evidence to the contrary. And the worst is they can't see it due to the incintives of the peer review university and funding system. You must tow the line to get funded work.

    This is why alt science is so important. Not they they are right, but they provide a more creative and intuitive system of discovery, away from the rigid scientific system.

  12. @DennisNieves-fm4sl

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Now we need to get off of the babysitting Neanderthal model.

    It's such hypocrisy that the same scientist that go out of their way to debunk the younger dryas impact theory, constantly hold up the ice free corridor theory.

  13. @jbyrd655

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Seems like someone owes the "egoistical Clovis-first maniacs' (read "typical conservative scientists") a rather large "thank you", for giving them such a strong incentive to 'prove' the original idea wrong..

    Of course,, the 'original' idea, 'Clovis first', wasn't the first; a careful scientist 'believes' nothing, but relies on what is observed— and stands ready to have his observations corrected.

    Alas, all scientists have one thing in common. They're all human…

  14. @PlayNowWorkLater

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Hi from Whitehorse, Yukon. We have a Beringia centre/museum that has a huge display on the bluefish caves. A Palaeontologist friend of mine helped set up the display and has additional artifacts that I got a chance to take a peak at. It’s fascinating! I’m particularly drawn to the micro blades technology they had that was in some cases as sharp as razor blades. Really enjoying your channel. Do you have a personal First Nations connection? Your thorough research definitely shows a deep respect for the first People of North America.

  15. @JungleJargon

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Ancient history is essential for everyone to know, especially the sixteen original civilizations.
    1. The first inhabitants of Italy (K)
    2. Thracians (L)
    3. Siberians (N)
    4. East Assists (O)
    5. Medes (PQ)
    6.. Western Europeans (R)
    7. Mediterranean Greek sea people (T)
    8. Hebrews and Arabic (IJ)
    9. Elamites (H)
    10. Assyrians (G)
    11. Arameans (F1)
    12. Lydians (F2)
    13. Cushites (AB, C & D)
    14. Egyptians (E3)
    15. Canaanites (E2)
    16. Original North African Phoenicians (E1)

    The D haplogroup of Canaan migrated east all the way to Japan. The C haplogroup of Nimrod migrated to South Asia, the Pacific, Tibet, Mongolia and all the way to the Americas along with Q haplogroup descendants of Madai ancestor of the Medes.

    The A maternal mtDNA haplogroup belonging to the N lineage accompanied the Q paternal haplogroup. The C&D maternal haplogroups belong to the M lineage. The B maternal haplogroup seems to have crossed the Pacific Ocean.

    The Mediterranean paternal R1b and the maternal X2a also found in Galilee represent an Atlantic crossing of the Phoenicians in the days of King Solomon considering also the Mediterranean paternal haplogroups of T, G, I1, I2, J1, J2, E and B in addition to the R1b in Native American Populations.

  16. @docersatz5228

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    It persists because it's interesting, and because fascinating clues were found, not because of Eurocentric obsessions. We people who have spent a lot of time in various sized boats at sea, and are familiar with Eskimo/Inuit lifestyles, would say that your characterization of travel along the North Atlantic Ice is absurd. Generally, this is a fairly informative video (except where you titter and giggle and find yourself so witty), but I really think you're wrong in thinking it's about racist Europeans Americans! There's plenty of them, sadly, but I'm afraid Dennis Stanford and Bruce Bradley are not among them, nor are at least most people who find the Solutrean Hypothesis fascinating. The diatribe at the end of the video could have been edited out to beneficial effect. For my favorite paleo lithic mystery, look into the Clovis point found and a relict beach in Vermont, made of Ramah Bay chert from Northern Labrador, available only by sea. Seaworthy boats were a thing for a very long time.

  17. @wailinburnin

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    I think you are politically on the correct side of the argument but there is a basic human consciousness aspect of conceptualizing Ice age era societies that should not be overlooked. Overkill does appear relevant to a certain extent and it’s not a “New World Phenomenon”. We are certainly experiencing it today although we now refer to it as “Overshoot.” In addition, I believe “race” has been shown to be a false pseudoscience and the term and concept are not used in scientific communities anymore. Cool video and channel you’ve got going here, all the best to you!

  18. @jamesherron9969

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    The distribution of Clovis sites and dates literally disproves any theory that they came from Asia. Not to mention northern Asian people had no stone technology. They used bones, not stones

  19. @jamesherron9969

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Clovis first was a theory based on absolutely no evidence completely pulled out of the proverbial ass of archaeologists who had no answers, and then repeated the lies so many times it became the answer and then defended that theory With a zeal that would cost dozens well minded archaeologists their careers when they would not confirm a theory that had no evidence

  20. @allanforce5333

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Dennis Stanford spent his career trying to find the origin of Clovis technology…he searched Siberia and found a completely different style …so when they saw the solutrean type tools they imagined a connection…and found some interesting solutrean like tools in the north east us…none of this was based on race…and as he also pointed out…there weren't white Europeans 23000 years ago….this occurred within the last 10000…so there may still be a connection here but requires DNA analysis of remains from this time period…and we may never find any…so to exclude a reasonable hypothesis because of your perceived racism is quite unscientific…anyway looks.like there are older sites than the footprints at 23000 but none quite as convincing….so other migrations likely occurred from Asia through Siberia…

  21. @loquat44-40

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    I like first 2/3's of what you presented without too much emotionalism and it seemed objective taking the time to consider all of the evidence.
    The last part which I stopped at 53 minutes, I wonder about. I do not think you are completely wrong, but there seem to be things that you did not discuss. You seem to be on such a moral high horse to oppose white inspired racism that you did not even bother look at what peoples were inhabiting western europe in prehistoric times. The aboriginal populations were according the limited genetic evidence that we have were not light skinned and were genetically different from those of descended from Anatolian farming derived folk or the later Indo-Europeans. Infact before some of these lighter skin folk came there were also likely a lot of Sammi type folk that migrated there first, but the sammi may not have been the same as the original hunter gathers.
    Richard Thornton, a creek native american, claims to have found northwest European bronze age artifacts in the southern eastern USA. He thinks that they are Sammi in origin. My own most limited reading suggests that people on the shores of northwest europe did have boats. Those of Doggerland certainly had boats. But if anyone came this way from there, they were not nordic white types until much later in perhaps the late bronze age or early iron age.
    I see no mention of the pelagic hunting red paint people of the new england and canadian coasts. Is it possible that these native americans might have sailed to europe or was it was going both ways.
    I am not the archeologist here, but have enough experience to know when I am not getting a well reasoned presentation. I strongly dislike self righteous attitudes and they have no good place in science. I dislike racists of any stripe or hue.

  22. @Chompchompyerded

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Maybe I will just continue to believe the stories of my ancestors: that we have always been here. Or maybe I'll see evidence that ancestors of mine, a very long time ago came here from Siberia. One thing I know is that we are all here now, and as humans, we are overpopulating the planet, and that almost all of our problems arise from that. What are we to do about it? Perhaps we should have fewer kids, while trying to find legitimate ways of living more harmoniously in our surroundings. I do not have faith that we will do any of that. We make electric cars so that we will not have to rely so much on fossil fuels, but we aren't really using less fossil fuels. We still have to burn coal and oil to make the electricity, and we still have to mine the lithium to make the batteries, so we are just removing the damage from our sight. We are like babies that way. If you hide something from a baby, in that baby's mind, it doesn't exist any more. If you don't have to pump the fossil fuel into your car anymore, In your mind it does not exist anymore, even though we have to use more fossil fuel to make the electricity tor you to use on demand. Now you don't have to accept any of the guilt yourself. You can just blame the damn electric company for using fossil fuel. What's the option? Nuclear and the eternal storage of the radio active waste from there? Solar, which wouldn't generate enough electricity to meet demand even if you plastered the whole country with solar cells, not to mention the environmental damage of mining the materials and getting rid of the unbelievably caustic chemicals required to etch them? Hydroelectric, which drowns large areas of land and kills off native fishes, and ultimately will have to be taken down when their serviceable life is over, leaving vast quantities of silt which can't be planted and which blows around causing breathing problems and death for animals and humans alike? The only sure cure for our environmental problems is the reduction of our population over time, and a time of austerity until we reduce our number to a sustainable level. No one is going to agree with this approach, and our population, which is the real problem, will keep growing and growing and growing until we grow ourselves into extinction. That is what will happen with the human species, no matter how you think we got to the places we live or what race we are. Our brains are just not evolved enough for us to do what we must if we are to survive as long as we have as a species, and with that, all study of where we came from will be rendered irrelevant, as will all other human endevour.

  23. @silverkir

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Thank you for your thoroughness and a very comprehensive rebuttal to the theories that are driven by hate rather than curiosity. I appreciate the work you put into your videos a lot – and I'm looking forward to other things you make!

  24. @faithwalker3255

    October 19, 2024 at 8:09 am

    Have you read the Indigenous Paleolithic by Dr. Paulette Steeves through the University of Nebraska Press?

    I ask because I'm simply not convinced American archeology is functioning on anything more than racist bias and literally fanatic belief in the thoroughly disproven Clovis timelines. I cannot see any reason that the older sites are still considered suspicious beyond the initial assumption they could not have been around very long due to the "simplicity" of the culture, habitual minimization of indigenous histories, and racist disregard for oral histories that have literally been proven accurate.

    The only indigenous timeframes that I have been able to source- one of which is Dr. Steeves' – theorize multiple waves of migration as early as 60,000-130,000 years ago, estimates which are supported by oral histories of extinct animals found at the described site and by the linguistic diversity found in the Americas, which takes time to develop.

    I'm not an archeologist. But I have not heard a single reason that people could not have been here before 30,000 years ago besides the suspicions of racists and the assumptions of a racist pedagogy.

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