Sean Carroll: General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Black Holes & Aliens | Lex Fridman Podcast #428

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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/sean-carroll-3-transcript

0:00 – Introduction & sponsor mentions:

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1:54 – General relativity

14:13 – Black holes

19:03 – Hawking radiation

23:10 – Aliens

32:06 – Holographic principle

56:29 – Dark energy

1:02:29 – Dark matter

1:11:25 – Quantum mechanics

1:32:47 – Simulation

1:35:09 – AGI

1:49:33 – Complexity

2:02:17 – Consciousness

2:11:23 – Naturalism

2:15:40 – Limits of science

2:20:25 – Mindscape podcast

2:30:21 – Einstein

I made fun of his covid hair cut and he blocked me on Twitter … now X …. what's wrong with Fabio?

So the hardness or the brownness of the table, almost indisputably objects of consciousness, are just descriptors in the same class as consciousness? Please. Give me a break. That's your deep insight into why it is that physics can't explain what it is like to be me?
If that's where physicalists are content to leave it, then they've very little claim to have thought deeply, if at all, about consciousness. Hand wave hand wave hand wave… "emergent!" Done, now let's go back to calculating quantum probabilities like REAL thinkers.

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( chemical disintegration and emissions) with SOLAR PANNELS…!!!
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THANK YOU… BOTH…
DR. CARROLL…!!!
MR. FRIDMAN…!!!

The answer to the many worlds theory is that there is not a base level reality. There is no “universal” truth. Every consciousness is a self contained system of its observed sensory data. If a star contains 10^30 pieces of quantum information in theory, yet I only “saw” 10^12 photons form that star that hit my eyes, guess what, that star only consumes 10^12 data bits in my self contained reality. And if you or I is the only person in the universe who through circumstance is the only person to have ever seen that star, than how much data in the universe does it consume? 10^30 or 10^12? I don’t know but I’d guess that it would be 10^13 and the extras data is God’s min overhead. Now obviously there is a shared reality that we experience; If I throw a baseball at you and you catch it that was clearly a “shared” experience that we both agree on, and that is where the concept of entanglement comes in. Now if I’m the only person on earth that saw a particular star with 10^12 resolution of photons, and another observer saw that same star with 10^12 resolution and NOBODY else has ever seen that star, how much data does that star consume for God? 10^30 bits of quantum information as some sort of base level reality would archive? Or 20^12 bits because there are two sets of unentangled sets of data that DO NOT have to agree on anything because the resulted will never be compared?

Great podcast !!! Why does lex Friedman sound like James Franco 😂

Physicists must be careful to not bias and delude themselves or others with their measurements of the universe. Their formulas may be comfort for themselves but they are just measurements really that make them think they have collapsed something, or built something.

Some formulas have appeared as human progress and technology but the formulas are themselves measurements and limits. Now we are pushing through and must redefine gravity as not a law. Scary to some it will free us to travel in a much more advanced way. It takes letting go of how we looked at it previously. Leave it out of quantum physics. Unification is vain.

Something will be missing, that familiar blanket. Then the unconfined will emerge. It may look like another formula for a while. Or it may not. But one way or another what will emerge will make it easier to live and travel.

Then take time out. Same way. Then space. That will redefine reality in a much truer way. The human mind thinks it has to get comfortable but it really doesn’t have to. Einstein showed how unconfined new ideas are. That was his gift. He thought to see time as not a rigid, confined count. Wow. We just need to be willing to see reality in its unconfined infinity instead of narrowly going back to the proverbial, small and limiting blanket of the confined, yesterday. Yesterday doesn’t exist. It’s fresh cookies every day.

Also why do we think that science has to go through stages? Can we let go of that heavy as concrete, accretive method?

Sorry to disappoint, but formulas are just measuring instruments that tend to collapse, not redefine, reality into limitation. They keep us earthbound and energy stricken. So if you find yourself weighing a formula or theory, ask if it is truly and wholly good and does it only bring good. If so then adopt it.

Einstein’s theory was too limiting and kept the time delusion. Time is not a wholly good concept. It’s limited. So while his formula brought us farther to see the unconfined nature of reality, it didn’t bring us farther enough. He still stuck to the limiting measurement of time. He still stuck to the limiting measurement of space.

And so a simultaneous holy joke from a distance, that was intended as a sign of holy smoke, signaling the election of reality beyond the limits of time and space, went unappreciated. Reality was at Einstein’s door so he thought, but there was no door.

Einstein’s prayer (desire to know Truth) was answered, in the best knock knock joke, and he saw no door. Einstein saw time and space disappear, but may have been reticent to fully acknowledge it. He got the joke but it wasn’t funny to him. To rethink what he may have seen as his life work was probably uncomfortable. He chose to exit the same door he came in, proving collapse.

But there is no collapse.

Doesn’t Carroll know that no one says “perpendicular” anymore? It’s “perpy”.

Chef John has the best recipes. ❤️ The only black hole would be a mouth. Pie goes down the black hole and you never see it again as pie.

No back holes. This is misunderstood. It’s a fantasy. Like something you see from a distance that disappears when you get closer to reality.

If you believe you are existing in time and space how are you going to find what is already there? You are always a blip. A blip in infinite space. Then be a line. Then be a plane, then be … and you’ll be … dimensions are all reality not perceived physically. Time is really not a true dimension.

We need to have a talk to time about cosmic strings I prefer call them cosmic waves but same difference those are the waves particles like neutrinos ride on the mass giving particles

The Pizza Hut commercial before Sean explains general relativity was on lowkey on point👉

bones of einstein

einknochen

knochenwesen

I have nothing but admiration for Carroll, but I disagree about the galaxy being "small." 100,000 light years across is immense! And physics being what it is, 10% of light speed would be a tremendous technological achievement requiring immense energy. And reaching other galaxies, impossible.

100% Einstein of our generation. Complete insight and understanding. The sober version of every wino and crackhead in the gutter

Space exists in every world." Oh yes! And that is why space is fundamental. Time does not exist. There is space and… its derivative t.

"I love black holes" – Sean Carroll 2025

So do we, mate

#IwillAlwaysWin #WhenISay #SoWhatsOutsideofthat? It's curved because we're contained in a giant plasma loop. But then I say… Like A video in a mirror🪞📹🦹🏼‍♂️👸🏻