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PETS & ANIMALS

Interview: What Are Dogs Saying? with Federico Rossano | Particles of Thought

NOVA PBS Official | September 29, 2026



Federico Rossano convinces Hakeem that animals have a lot more to say than we’ve given them credit for. The cognitive scientist shares the origin story behind his record-breaking study of talking dogs, the evidence that some pets may understand more than a human toddler, and what primates reveal about the roots of communication itself.

If you are interested in participating in Federico’s study, be sure to visit: https://cclab.ucsd.edu/

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Federico Rossano is an Associate Professor of Cognitive Science at UC San Diego and director of the Comparative Cognition Lab, where he studies communication and social cognition across humans, primates, dogs, and cats. He leads the world’s largest study of button-trained pets, and his research is featured in the NOVA documentary _Can Dogs Talk?_

Particles of Thought is hosted by Hakeem Oluseyi, an astrophysicist, author, STEM educator, multi-patented inventor, science journalist, TV personality, science communicator, and inspirational speaker. His research is based on “hacking stars” to understand our universe better and develop innovative new technologies. Oluseyi’s work has resulted in 11 patents and more than 100 publications covering contributions to astrophysics, cosmology, and plasma physics and the development of space missions, observatories, focal plane instruments, detectors, semiconductor manufacturing, and ion propulsion.

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#dogs #smartanimals #animalcommunication

Written by NOVA PBS Official

Comments

This post currently has 30 comments.

  1. @kvdeininger

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    Are you saying Anatolian Shepherds and Great Pyrenees are less interested in chatting than a pug? "At the end of the day, you don't need a PhD to have communication." Very true, Frederico. I swear my Belgian Malinois is easier to understand than humans I've worked with.

  2. @cathytai

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    The bias with wolves is they are still wild and not domesticated, so they do not grow up learning to ask humans for help. They will bond with humans but more as equals, which requires greater skills on the part of the handler. Wolves are less motivated to please us, which, as wild animals, is understandable. They are brilliant. Packs (families) coordinate with each other during hunts and they are deeply social, but much more independent when it comes to humans. Grey wolves are also probably not the direct ancestors of donestic dogs. It would be interesting, instead, to study feral and wild populations of doglike animals and see if, should they care to ask us, what, if anything, they would opt to communicate.

  3. @Masturdebater87

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    I'm wondering why this researcher is still hung up on buttons and teaching dogs to associate a human word with an object or concept. It seems to me that the logical course would be to start from the dog's language set and gradually associate a human word to the dog's vocalization, essentially letting them teach us THEIR language. I'm picturing an AI assistant or pendant on the dog's collar. The dog speaks (vocalizes) a command to activate, and the device learns to translate the subsequent vocalizations. That isn't even a sci-fi proposition at this point. The hardware could be purchased and coded today (by someone wealthier and smarter than me of course… but still)

  4. @rhondah1587

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    As an elderly person who has raised many dogs and cats, I can say each have unique personalities and levels of intelligence or ability to catch on to new things. When I got with a world renown dog trainer to train my first puppy, he didn't train the dog, he trained me how to read my dog's language so that I could communicate with the dog. Dogs too have a unique ability to read human body language and tone of voice. Dogs can learn hundreds of human words and associate them with things and actions. Cats less words. Cats are harder to read but it can be done. Cats have a way of training the people they live with using different techniques. My current cats will go do what they know will irritate me the most if they want to be fed, flip the water bowl if they want fresh water. When they do those things, they then look at me like now just get up and do it for me.
    I find the button communication very interesting.

  5. @mrhenryknows

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    My cat said HOT PEE to describe an inflamed bladder, so he was a lot more specific than OUCH! If for no other reason, healthcare is a great reason to look into buttons.

    I think the science behind it is so important to validate what so many of us are already experiencing.

    I find it fascinating that a lot of the video talked about ‘training’. I think of it as ‘teaching’. I taught my cat words before buttons (we used hand choices) so the premise of toddlers being exposed to more words than pets doesn’t apply to us; I was constantly talking and modelling for him verbally. When he got buttons his presses were all intentional as he already knew the words. My uneducated guess is his mental age is maybe ~7?

    I am particularly interested in the teaching aspect. The video covered different learning levels but not teaching capability. Both are important. My theory is learners learn as well as / the way they are taught, so my cat is extremely rational (I am a pragmatic communicator) whereas for example Flounder is very whimsical (not a bad thing, just different styles).

    I am absolutely conversing with my cat. I have learned that he likes social interaction a lot more than I had thought. He is concerned about *my health*. He can communicate when something’s ANNOYING, REMEMBER something in the past, and what exactly SCARED him. He just asked for a DREAM button. Wish us luck!

  6. @julietranbuorn8801

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    Thank you for doing such great work for humans and our furry best friends, Frederico! I had tried to train my 15-year old senior cat how to use the talking pet buttons for about 2 months (he didn’t want to press), and my new 2-month old kitten was observing me modeling the words for about a week before she started pressing them herself (and in the right context). After another 2 months, my senior cat saw the attention I was giving the kitten so he then started pressing the buttons (also in the right context). This type of communication has really deepened our bond. Sharing about it has had many others rethinking what’s actually possible with animals. Looking forward to the next evolution of your research!

  7. @kvkosmosk3891

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    Im a veterinarian of over 23 years. I lurked around and watched the Bunny and similar videos on YouTube for nearly 3 years before trying with my dog. He is currently up to 21 buttons that, as far as I can tell, he reasonably understands and uses every week. Im honestly amazed (disturbed?) by some of the things he has been able to do. I am really rooting for this research to continue & progress. People need to know about this.

  8. @number6photo

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    Surprised there wasn’t much more discussion about the age of various animals and when their brains, as a species, are naturally learning by leaps and bounds, including language. Most humans find it difficult to learn a new language or change their accent after puberty. I’ve seen other studies on cats that showed if you keep one eye shut for one day after the first eye opened a few days after birth, then you release the closed eye, the cat will be blind in that eye for life. So there are development windows where a brain needs to be stimulated in order to learn, and if you miss the window, it will have a profound effect on what can’t be learned very well, or at all, outside that window. Another example is humans learning to hear perfect pitch. Learning it as child around 5-7 results in 90+% of humans can develop it. Trying to learn that skill outside that window is only a few percent. For other things, human brains take decades to mature and that’s why we keep learning well into adulthood. Many other animals mature much faster into adulthood so it seems highly likely that pushing the boundaries in getting animals to use these buttons to communicate would likely go much further if you start when they’re first born.

  9. @dolphinfan65

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    All animals want to communicate; the problem is the level in which the communication that can be had. I remember COCO the Gorilla and what was sold.
    I find this to be somewhere in the middle.
    Simple communication is about knowing what something wants, in the moment. Not every being is able to hold a communicative moment beyond the moment it's experiences.
    MY dog doesn't care about being outside, its instincts are built for it, so when it gets up in the morning it wants to be outside where it's senses can be used at full force.
    It also has to be taught how to properly use them.
    That is where the issue of understanding what a being really wants.
    Does it want to be outside to learn how to interpret its sense or are just misrepresenting our feelings.
    I'm in the middle.
    I do believe there are ways to cross communicate with species, but it is limited by our base needs. Not communication from the sake of communicating.

  10. @Hayden-rc1ru

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    What convinced me were the cats who hated taking pills that could be convinced to take them willingly and without even hiding it in the food once you'd explain to them with the buttons what the pill was and what it did, even going so far as them asking for the pill on their own if you forgot.

  11. @briezzy365

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    Wdym teaching chimps/bonobos and great apes keyboards didnt work???? This is Koko erasure. This guest very tactically doesn’t use the word keyboard. This is not new science…. he just wants credit…. maybe because most of the previous work was done by femlaes? idk.

    Ethical? Mostly no but also most of human activity is not ethical.

    Bunny btw is extremely depressed and I dont think she had been treated ethically because her owner basically ignores her very clear depression.

    what we really need to study is human hubris.

  12. @genehenson8851

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    I've been so skeptical of those videos on YouTube. I am shocked to see there's actually something there and thankful for researchers willing to take a chance to find out. Very cool interview, and I definitely learned a lot of stuff that's wayyyy outside my area of expertise. Thanks!

  13. @RazDirge

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    We're signing up… our eleven-year-old purebred Alaskan Malamute pushes a doggy doorbell button to let us know he wants to come back in from being outside, so, good launching point?
    Also, the music sounds like it was produced by Bonobo, so, that's funny given Professor Rossano's past work. < shrug >

  14. @gordonwallace3584

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    I’m a widowed retired navy chief with two dogs. It’s a quiet life we live and I’ve noticed that my two dogs communicate mostly by body language then vocal sounds. I’ve also noticed that they seem to recognize my body language. When I ask them what do you want, they look at the item if it’s visible, then go towards the item and I’m beginning to recognize sounds particularly with what I assume they want. Sometimes I think that they are training me!

  15. @lamonttinsley1970

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    As a Truck driver who listens as I drive during my day, I kept wondering why I could barely hear the guest speak and Hakeem was so loud…Now I see that he was talking more into space than into the microphone! 😁

  16. @cindyloomis9096

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    I've always wanted to know how they trained those dogs. I've always trained my cats to have a large vocabulary. I had a cat that knew words individually. I could use them in different sentences and he would understand the concept. Words he knew were, kids names, outside, mouse, not a mouse, lay down and many more words. I wish I had those buttons then. ❤

  17. @patreekotime4578

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    I don't doubt that dogs or cats can learn to press a button to tell a human they want food or want to go outside, as these are already things they communicate to us. I also dont doubt that they have more complex inner processes. But I am very skeptical about these more complex interactions. A small child doesnt neccessarily understand WHY adults are reacting the way they are reacting, they just know that saying certain words illicits a response. And they quickly learn how to manipulate their parents to get the reactions they want. And we know that animals do this as well… cats learn how to simulate the same frequencies as crying babies to hijack the attention of the mother, who is biologically compulsed to react to that sound. We also know that dogs have evolved to be capable of human-like facial expressions. So we know that the emotional manipulation of owners is part of the toolkit that has been unintentionally bred into them in the process of domestication, and they are very good at it. So how do we parse what is real genuine communication of real states of being, and what is just emotional manipulation to illicit a comforting response from an owner?

  18. @melissaphillip8070

    September 29, 2026 at 12:36 am

    Dogs instincts came from the father of all (adam created the animals which represented God's children spiritual senses)

    God's children evolution created the spiritual realm in the physical

    All countries natural resources were created by the population of the land those with water falls represent the third eye that was once active in the physical

    Precious stones found in a country represents the chakras most dominant or completed when our patterns was upright

    A bear don't need a calender informing them when to hibernate because their vibration and patterns align with mother earth frequency

    Likewise all animals created by our spiritual enlightenment

    Our atoms starts at neutral referring to neutrons it's up to us to build the blood or depreciate it based on actions chosen in the physical our patterns aligns to vibrations that alters the blood likewise our circle they maintain a frequency and why I'm subscribed to this channel and all that are high vibrational

    Words are spells casted conversations are spells small minds speak about others the average mind events and those with a higher dimension the wow factors

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