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Does Electricity Move Instantly? | What the Physics?!

NOVA PBS Official | October 19, 2026



In 1746, Physicist Jean-Antoine Nollet had a question: how fast does electricity travel? To find out, he devised a simple experiment: connecting a large group of monks by thick electric wire and flipping the switch. Over two centuries later, while we may question the methodology, we can’t argue with the shocking results.

Hosted by Athena Brensberger @astroathens 💫

Chapters
00:00 Introduction
00:49 The Speed of Electricity
03:05 How Does Electricity Move So Fast?
05:22 Conclusion

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Written by NOVA PBS Official

Comments

This post currently has 33 comments.

  1. @DrJulianNewmansChannel

    October 19, 2026 at 1:59 am

    Nice video. But I’m not sure what’s wrong with saying that the electron flow is a fluid flow. A gas flowing along a pipe is also made up of discrete particles moving in random directions with a net drift, and we’re fine calling that gas a fluid. Perhaps the modern physics of matter has a technical definition of “fluid” that the body of free electrons fails to fulfil, but unless people in the 18th and 19th century had the same technical definition, I don’t see how we can say that they were incorrect for referring to the carrier of electric current as a fluid.

  2. @junkerzn7312

    October 19, 2026 at 1:59 am

    Another good way to think about it is with canals and waterways. The voltage is the height of the water (with provisios below), the current is the… current.

    We measure voltage relatively between two points, which would just be the difference in the height (altitude) of the water between two points. But the actual depth of the water has meaning too… you can think of that the way you you think about "static electricity".

    It works for "AC" and "DC" too… "AC" are waves on top of the water. "DC" is NOT the height of the water per-say (except for static electricity purposes). Remember how voltage is measured.

    In reality, "voltage" is just the strength of the electric field compared with the strength of the electric field in some other location. While "current" is just the actual net movement of electrons through the cross sectional area of a wire.

    But while power can be calculated from these quantities, the actual energy is transmitted by the EM field and not by the physical electrons, their movement, or the static electric field they generate.

    -Matt

  3. @RDEnduro

    October 19, 2026 at 1:59 am

    At the speed of light I would imagine, alittle slower than that. If the electrons have to move it cant be instantly, but it depends on what your definition of instantly is. Just guessing

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