Serhii Plokhy: History of Ukraine, Russia, Soviet Union, KGB, Nazis & War | Lex Fridman Podcast #415

Serhii Plokhy is a Ukrainian historian at Harvard University, director of the Ukrainian Research Institute, and an author of many books on history of Eastern Europe, including his latest book The Russo-Ukrainian War: The Return of History. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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TRANSCRIPT:
https://lexfridman.com/serhii-plokhy-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Serhii’s X: https://x.com/splokhy
Serhii’s Website: https://history.fas.harvard.edu/people/serhii-plokhii
Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute: https://huri.harvard.edu/
Serhii’s Books: https://amzn.to/3OS2EqK
2006 – The Origins of the Slavic Nations
2010 – Yalta: The Price of Peace
2012 – The Cossack Myth: History and Nationhood in the Age of Empires
2014 – The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union
2015 – The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine
2016 – The Man with the Poison Gun: A Cold War Spy Story
2017 – Lost Kingdom: The Quest for Empire and the Making of the Russian Nation
2018 – Chernobyl: History of a Tragedy
2021 – Nuclear Folly: A History of the Cuban Missile Crisis
2021 – The Frontline: Essays on Ukraine’s Past and Present
2022 – Atoms and Ashes: A Global History of Nuclear Disaster
2023 – The Russo-Ukrainian War: The Return of History
PODCAST INFO:
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Full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
Clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41
OUTLINE:
0:00 – Introduction
1:18 – Collapse of the Soviet Union
17:27 – Origins of Russia and Ukraine
30:30 – Ukrainian nationalism
38:13 – Stepan Bandera
1:07:13 – KGB
1:22:11 – War in Ukraine
1:58:27 – NATO and Russia
2:09:30 – Peace talks
2:23:17 – Ukrainian Army head Valerii Zaluzhnyi
2:29:54 – Power and War
2:40:45 – Holodomor
2:47:17 – Chernobyl
2:57:51 – Nuclear power
3:07:28 – Future of the world
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@lexfridman
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast.
Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/serhii-plokhy-transcript
0:00 – Introduction & sponsor mentions:
– Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings
– Shopify: https://shopify.com/lex to get $1 per month trial
– NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour
– AG1: https://drinkag1.com/lex to get 1 month supply of fish oil
1:18 – Collapse of the Soviet Union
17:27 – Origins of Russia and Ukraine
30:30 – Ukrainian nationalism
38:13 – Stepan Bandera
1:07:13 – KGB
1:22:11 – War in Ukraine
1:58:27 – NATO and Russia
2:09:30 – Peace talks
2:23:17 – Ukrainian Army head Valerii Zaluzhnyi
2:29:54 – Power and War
2:40:45 – Holodomor
2:47:17 – Chernobyl
2:57:51 – Nuclear power
3:07:28 – Future of the world
@Killuminati23
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
3:18:00 the problem is that people always think "well than maybe one nuke gets dropped but then all the others will also be shot" which is totally wrong, why should anyone shoot their missiles just because somewhere a nuke exploded if its not the own territory? Then the problem of power, people don't realize how many nukes you would need to reach a certain goal, it's not like "one nuke and everything would be finished" but more likely a few dozens because the radiation goes away fast and besides ground zero there is much that can withhold the explosion especially under 20kt which most mini nukes of today are.
And the big strategic ones aren't meant to fight anyways, those are just the city busters in case the own country would get completely destroyed or overtaken.
@paulbodi9376
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Would love to see a Russian national historian talk about the same topics. One side note, the radical Ukrainian nationalists were not presented as fringe by BBC and all the other media outlets back in 2014-2017 when they presented thousands walk with torches on the streets. Nor when the European Committee was mentioning the threats of ultranationalist factions within the Ukrainian parliament. But hey, war propaganda changes everything.
@jeffevey5763
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Lex's ideas about how to close out the war seem incredibly ignorant to me – assuming that Putin may make serious concessions… He is in my mind an incredibly naive Russian apologist and equivocator. We in America had similar problems with equivocation in WW1 and WW2 – which now appears as obvious moral bankruptcy, but apparently wasn't obvious to everyone at the time, or now in this case.
@jeffevey5763
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
kind of staggering how little Lex knows, considering how often he parrots Russian talking points under the guise of the deep Russian soul, while Russia is perpetuating the worst geopolitical turmoil in decades.
@peterjr.mcgilvery4524
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Huh, thought i recognized a pattern but you are pretty decent at hiding uour tracks. You have to start out legitimate in order to amplify an unpopular opinion. Bitch if it was a popular option you wouldn't such a spineless little worm you would just say it.
@MickFutz1
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Thank you gentlemen.
@newprimitivs1606
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Question for anyone,,
If they are different people (nationality)Russian and Ukrainian,why is the name of the country Ukraine ?
@odijameson4788
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
this dude talking nonsense, invite Roy Casagranda plz
@zip8444
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
NATO is a shakedown racket run by American warmongers for profit at the expense of the native populations! The native populations are too corrupt and stupid to resist all the bribes and criminal threats from NATO thugs! !
@HarryMccabe-bm5wx
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Good to see a podcasts that informs us about stuff we dident know instead of just rambling on about bullshit
@marioserafimov7254
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
On when the slavs emerged: Im not sure why you're guest left out the Bulgarian state established in 681 in central balkans with bulgars, slavs and tracian tribes?
Why would he skip that to say that slavs oiriginated in northern Ukraine 2 centuries later?
@dumbfoundedagain
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Maps plase😅
@kozlovskyi
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Soviets are worse than nazi
@jellydamgood
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Guy in echochamber accuses others of being in echo chamber is such a damn classic.
@Fre-h4r
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Tack så mycket 07
@Fre-h4r
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Det bästa måste väl vara att lägga kärnkraftverk och nybyggen i de länder som inte är just hotade utav världskrig just nu och vänta med att bygga kärnkraftverk i Norden och USA andra länder om det eller var det är som känner sig hotade och satsat på annan typ utav kraft så länge och förhoppningsvis så stabiliserar det ju sig det måste göra det är ju ingen som vinner på långvariga kalla krig jag vet ingen 07
@Fre-h4r
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Även om Ryssland vinner mera mark i Ukraina så borde den bli så dyr så att det inte skulle vara värt det om andra saker man inte vet om men det bästa alternativet vore nog både ekonomiskt och samarbetsvilligt vara att avsluta fast ej får det att se ut som en förlorare för ryska folket 07
@Fre-h4r
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Ja den här frågan så kommer ju saken i ett annat perspektiv som man inte har räknat med förut så det är mycket intressant så lyssna på det här programmet uppmanar jag många att göra 07
@homerbeer943
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Wow, Lex. You are so pathetic. You desperately grasp at any way to validate Putin's characterization of Bandera as an evil Nazi. It's pretty clear you still identify with Russian nationalism. It isn't pretty.
Whatever Bandera's faults, he's not an evil monster like Stalin or your hero Putin.
@user-ve2jj1ik4b
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
21:15 – begining of what ? lol where ?? … at this point I left this video.
@taaest-xek
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
He leaves a lot of important details out .. That bandera had an special acommodation in Sachsen Hausen , because he was very ideologically very close to the nazis . And many more Facts ..
@williambrown5966
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Kiev existed before Moscow
@dennisdugan5676
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wugfHI_dJhk
@LazyGrayF0x
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
This is so good
@wiggsy43
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
the comment " Boris Johnson represented Britain and not US" and the fact Zalinski could not be moved via certain persuasions … is extremely naive
@gabrielepopa6870
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
No nazis but russians captured soldiers with nazi tattoo. No far right predominance but Azov had summer camps in 2014 teaching kids how to fight( french documentary about donbas in 2014)
@Fre-h4r
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Resultatet av kriget blir att försvaga Ryssland och Ukraina och deras resurser och ekonomi och Rysslands tillit för kommande generationer 07
@danielpaschjr3547
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
In response to Lex's questions regarding Valeri Zaluzhnyi here is this; According to President Zelenskyy's office and several reputable outlets President Zelenskyy has named 4-star General Valeri Zaluzhnyi to be the new ambassador to the United Kingdom. To me anyway, this is an interesting move by Zelenskyy and I wonder if it signals a switch to a different tactic. He might think that General Zaluzhnyi might be better able to communicate what the army's needs are aand alao to be a little more firm and possibly, but in a polite way, more demanding. We can only hope
Joel
@danielpaschjr3547
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
In response to Lex and Serhii, the reason why I thought he stayed instead of going into exile is because he's a fundamentally decent person who cares about his fellow citizens. He wants to lead them to a real victory. Like Stephen Kotkin has said, "to really win the war you gotta win the peace". I think that he's right and I hope Zelenskyy knows this too.
Joel
@deusvult1099
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
Why isn't anyone talking about the Polish Genocide in Ukraine (formerly Poland) during the 1940s by Ukrainian nationalists and Banderists (Ukrainian Nazi-collaborators, like the one applauded in the Canadian parliament)??? The topic is banned in Ukraine as another example of censorship. Yes, these nazi-style Ukrainian nationalists were and still are a small, radical minority…but they are clearly capable of major damage and mayhem! May the vicitms, not only Poles, rest in peace. Amen.
https://youtu.be/F1vLyvauC44?si=3sYkhsM8DKZG9zrO
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacres_of_Poles_in_Volhynia_and_Eastern_Galicia
@dpmjole
October 24, 2024 at 7:10 am
LOL, this guy is down playing Bandera's nazi views and crimes and today's Ukraine nazi elements like there's no tomorrow 😂😂😂
I mean, according to him Bandera was just a freedom loving young fella and his army just fought for freedom……not like they slaughtered dozens of thousands civilians
and today in Ukraine there's maybe a couple of nazis, not like they had their own militia of few thousand men, not like they have recruitment centers and "social clubs" all over the country, not like Ukraine incorporated a full blown nazi battalion into their armed forces, not like they freely roam trough the country attacking minorities,right??
and even if all this IS true – it's much better than in any other European state,right?
"In total, the Germans enlisted 250,000 native Ukrainians for duty in five separate formations including the Nationalist Military Detachments (VVN), the Brotherhoods of Ukrainian Nationalists (DUN), the SS Division Galicia, the Ukrainian Liberation Army (UVV) and the Ukrainian National Army (Ukrainische Nationalarmee"
-he says "10 – 20 thousand"……..and then complains about too much propaganda and lies…..what a clown