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The science of habit: How to rewire the loop running 40% of your day | Charles Duhigg

Big Think | June 13, 2026



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About 40% of everything you do today is a habit your brain automated, and the neural loop driving it doesn’t distinguish between good and bad habits.

Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit and Supercommunicators, explains why trying to eliminate a bad habit is neurologically futile and why the habit that scares you most irrationally is probably the one change that rewires everything else.

0:00 Part 1: How your brain is running on habits
0:54 Chapter 1: The habit loop
13:05 Chapter 2: Identifying cravings
18:44 Chapter 3: Keystone habits
25:01 Chapter 4: How your beliefs and communities affect habits
32:00 Part 2: What makes conversations work
33:05 Chapter 5: How to become a supercommunicator
42:23 Chapter 6: The “Whats this really about?” conversation
51:51 Chapter 7: The “How do we feel?” conversation
1:07:35 Chapter 8: The “Who are we?” conversation

Read the video transcript ► https://bigthink.com/series/full-interview/the-habit-loop-duhigg/?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=video&utm_campaign=youtube_description

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Charles Duhigg is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and the author of The Power of Habit, which spent over three years on bestseller lists and has been translated into 40 languages, and Smarter Faster Better, also a bestseller. Mr. Duhigg writes for The New Yorker magazine and is a graduate of Yale University and the Harvard Business School. He has been a frequent contributor to CNBC, This American Life, NPR, The Colbert Report, NewsHour, and Frontline.

He was also, for one terrifying day in 1999, a bike messenger in San Francisco.

Written by Big Think

Comments

This post currently has 19 comments.

  1. @tstatus1206

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    This varies wildly person to person but i think im an outlier because i change habits so regularly. I build new stuff all the time. Recently began a habit of running and its does not feel habitual yet lol. Also stopped smoking pot a couple weeks ago. But meditation helps you be more aware and easier take control

  2. @MeiyaG

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    "If we had to choose between picking up the rock or the apple every time we walked down the trail, we would be in constant overwhelm and get nothing done".

    Welcome to the life of living with ADHD and the unrelenting feeling of overwhelm!

  3. @CityStomperMedia

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    During COVID I was addicted to playing tetris 99 on the Nintendo switch. I created a system where, for every round of Tetris that was less successful than the preceding round, I'd have to do a certain number of squats with my kettlebell. With this and nothing else I dropped 100lbs in about a year. I still unroll the yoga mat and exercise whenever I am watching a baseball/hockey game or doing something that would normally be spent sitting dormant on the couch. And now the time is spent doing planks and downward dogs. I still get to binge the same 3 tv shows and watch the same sports teams disappoint every night but at least I'm getting something out of it now

  4. @neuronsongs

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    Meh. Changing the cookie habit (craving) for me was… eat cookies until I cannot eat another cookie or I will puke. 2 saturdays in a row. Done. Have not craved a cookie since. Same thing with donuts. 11 years and counting. Worked for both me and my wife. Weaning off sugar was harder. Killing the individual cravings was easier. Focusing on the flavors of un-sugared foods also helped.

  5. @jeffmarquez9738

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    So you didn't get a cookie but you created a much worse habit of gossiping about people which could lead to a demotion or being fired because everybody hates because they know that you talk behind there back ..so therefore nobody trusts you … gossip so much worse

  6. @monopolybillionaire5027

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    I smoke because I want to die sooner. I dont want to eat my five a day just to prolong this misery. Life is suffering, death is the gift of life. I hope you go peacefully but I doubt you will, that's if you even remember who you're by the time. Pay your taxes people and don't forget to wear a condom

  7. @h7opolo

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    Self-contradictory notions presented: he claims "habits aren't you", then later goes on to describe how habits inform one's self-image.
    Also he says "right?" at least 70 separate times. His common speech habit is extremely annoying, and he should fix it. We need to eradicate the blurting of a request for validation as an interjection. Why are you asking an inanimate camera for validation? It shows lack of education.

  8. @Laylamarino445

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    I picked up Shadows of High Society by Zane Holt expecting entertainment and ended up sitting in silence for almost an hour after finishing it. What bothered me wasn’t any single chapter, it was realizing how many things in the book connected together in ways I hadn’t thought about before. I still catch myself randomly remembering parts of it weeks later.

  9. @TheAlchemistZero1

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    Finite Nature vs Infinite Nature:

    Everything naturally occurring is Nature, which includes plants, microorganisms, humans (all lifeforms), atoms, energy, stars, planets, black holes, cancer, AIDS, space, Dreams, and Consciousness.

    (Why would Nature be finite?)

    Without Infinity, there is only infinite regress; E.g. String Theory: what caused the strings, where did the strings come from, what came before the strings; E.g. The Big Bang: what caused the initial singularity, what came before the initial singularity, etc. Considering "Nothingness" is an obvious fallacy, there must always be Something.

    Prove Nothingness, while keeping in mind: Nothingness can only be "proven" in the absence of an observer. If described (observed) by an observer, Nothing becomes something (think hard about this). This would also connote a field of infinite Nothingness randomly formed a spec (our Universe) of somethingness – which is nonsensical.

    Provisional science cannot claim authority over reality, at best it can only provide fuzzy hints. Science is a game of "let’s pretend," played with symbols and sensors. Its power lies in utility, not truth. To mistake physics/maths for reality is to worship the finger pointing at the moon.

    Our cosmological sciences are akin to a microorganism residing within a human (on Earth), actively exploring the Andromeda galaxy. Our nearly insignificant signals bouncing off of fragments of Infinity – the margins for error are "astronomical".

    "So far as the theories of mathematics are about reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality" – Albert Einstein

    Why would Nature form brains/minds to exhibit consciousness other than to experience reality; considering experiencing reality is the objective of consciousness?

    It connotes conscious intent, via consciousness (Nature).

    Consciousness/Experiences:

    Disneyland (Reality) – Patrons (Consciousness) = Nothingness = Fallacy.

    Instead, we Patrons (Nature) are the architects of our own theater called Reality.

    All life exists for the sake of experiences (regardless of good/bad).

    A thought experiment:

    On a plain sheet of paper, draw a single dot (.) in the very center.

    The paper represents infinite space. Everything beyond the boundaries of the sheet also represents endless (empty) space.

    The dot represents 'The Big Bang'.
    Everything humanity is aware of – exists within the dot (our currently expanding universe).

    If the observers of this singular dot, zoom far enough away – the dot will cease to exist. The dot will be extinguished through expansion/evaporation – wholly consumed by an infinite void (due to cosmic scales/distances). This would prohibit existence from 'being'. (Yet here we are).

    Furthermore this would connote The Big Bang occurred at random, within an infinite void of nothingness – suggesting 'somethingness from nothingness' – which is a fallacy.

    Without considering potential forces being exerted upon our reality/universe (from beyond the boundaries of our observations) – is an incomplete interpretation.

    Clearly the remainder of the sheet of paper cannot be an infinite void.

    The expansion of our universe is accelerating. If our cosmic expansion were occurring within a void, our reality would have concluded before it began (poof). (Yet here we are).

    If we are a facet of Infinity – we are Infinity. Along with everything being intimated.

    Instead imagine the sheet and everything beyond – riddled with infinite dots.

    Every universe is a particle, every particle is a universe.

    (Infinity is self-propagating).

    Thus Infinity is a superdeterministic preexisting condition.

    Infinity being absolute simultaneity.

    Expresses infinite probabilities – Deterministically.

    Every reality.

    Every life.

    Is an intended narrative.

    (The largest cannot exist without the smallest)

    Although our universe is finite (as evidenced by expansion).

    Infinity exists at a fixed maximal size, without borders/boundaries: Infinity is forever in every sense, within which infinite universes/realities are housed – each a distinct experience.

    (Infinity > Multi)

    Infinity accounts for every variation, including variations in thoughts.

    Reality is an infinite fractal consciousness; whereby all realities, every possibility, along with every imaginable and unimaginable thing, is a fragment of said consciousness – which we refer to as Nature.

    We are Nature.

    We are "God" (figurative); fragmented into infinite experiences.

    An Infinity without borders or constraints; with infinite energy.

    We are all the same entity; existing for the sake of experiences.

    Death Demystified'.

    In order to fully grasp the nature of Death; it is important that we understand Life.

    Reality is an infinite fractal consciousness; whereby all realities, every possibility, along with every imaginable and unimaginable thing, is a fragment of said consciousness – which we refer to as Nature.

    We are Nature.

    We are "God" (figurative); fragmented into infinite experiences.

    An Infinity without borders or constraints; with infinite energy…

    We are all the same entity; existing for the sake of experiences.

    Scenario:

    Individual A is hit by a car, witnesses B, C, and D are present.

    With the following occurring in simultaneity…

    Individual A(1) leaps up, unharmed – (it's a miracle), witnesses B(1), C(1), and D(1) disperse.

    Individual A(1) carries on with their life… (to be continued).

    Individual A(2) dies on impact, witnesses B(2), C(2), and D(2) recant the details.

    With both scenarios, factor the ensuing ramifications on everyone/everything involved, along with the subsequent entanglements (Butterfly Effect).

    Through each Death endured, Individual A(1-♾) experiences (gradually increasing) fantastic shifts in their personal narrative. Eventually leading to divergent experiences (kidnapped by aliens). These fragmented experiences overlap with all local (Earth) conscious narratives.

    Once an extreme apex has been achieved, reality resets for individual A, a randomized narrative starts anew… Corporeal Birth (simplification).

    Why do some individuals miraculously survive extreme situations?

    Why are some humans living caricatures?

    The Meaning of Life:

    Imagine an endless clear glass tube (representative of Time), within which exists a diorama of life on Earth. The left most section depicting our earliest single-celled ancestors (3.5 billion years ago), leading through our present and into a future yet to be experienced (farthest right).

    Notice the tube (Time) and the diorama of life displayed within – exists Simultaneously; Past, Present, and Future all occurring concurrently. Every life form within the history of existence, an interconnected narrative: as 'Futures' cannot exist without Past events.

    Similarly to reading a book, we can only examine moments of our lives which had already transpired (Past), those pages yet read (Future) remain uncertain until experienced (no cosmic spoilers). We can only surmise possible outcomes based on prior events (pages read), although never guaranteeing accuracy of predicting Future events.

    Without the existence of Conscious experiences, there would be Nothingness. Life experiences, Experiences, simply for the sake of experiencing – which is why Life chronically craves varieties of stimuli.

    Our corporeal forms are assigned avatars, which allows Consciousness to experience material reality.

    Works of fiction (books, cinema, video games, etc.), allows individuals to experience an extended Consciousness, whereby our emotional states carry-over into fictional narratives (frustration, anger, joy, elation…). All of this, despite understanding such events are merely virtual (occurring within said individuals imaginations).

    Books are experienced in chronological order instead of a randomized order; in order to maintain a cohesive narrative flow. Within fictional works, every character arc has their entire fate sealed; from inception to demise – luck/chance has already been decided throughout.

    This is also why every Life is experienced through a predetermined progression. Reality is a sensory experience, simply for the sake of experiencing a physical Life.

    Regarding Panpsychism:

    Have you ever dreamed a contemporary dream, one within a major city, buzzing with people? Although the entire dream is constructed from your consciousness, not all objects within are imbued with conscious experiences – only the observable lifeforms are. The buildings, streets, signs, cars, and all inanimate things are purely decorative. Inanimate objects (minerals) provided by reality are not conscious. People attend plays to watch living artists perform, the stage and props are not the stars.

    Time:

    A seemingly endless cadence of day/night cycles, conducted over the course of the Human epoch. Untold billions of Homo Sapiens Sapiens; generation after generation – conditioned by Nature to accept finality. The circadian rhythm, an innate mechanism, a constant reminder; consciousness an ephemeral experience, fleeting with every moment, through every exhalation. Selene a blanket of night, engulfing all into her dreamy embrace – the analog of Stella, raining rays of warmth, nourishing existence into being; beckoning the vivacity of life to stir yet again.

    Day into night, night into day – a rhythm to remind us that none of Natures constructs are created without an expiry. Whether measured by 6.62607004 × 10-34 m2 kg / s; or by a Supereon, we are cascading energies, propagating our collective experiences – vainly attempting to elicit a sense of ‘self’ in hopes of staving off oblivion. Not realizing that the only allowable paradox to exist, is existence; a lucid dream conducted by the everlasting artistry of Gaia.

    Time.


    the Alchemist
    -Ø1

  10. @TheAlchemistZero1

    June 13, 2026 at 12:12 am

    Finite Nature vs Infinite Nature:

    Everything naturally occurring is Nature, which includes plants, microorganisms, humans (all lifeforms), atoms, energy, stars, planets, black holes, cancer, AIDS, space, Dreams, and Consciousness.

    (Why would Nature be finite?)

    Without Infinity, there is only infinite regress; E.g. String Theory: what caused the strings, where did the strings come from, what came before the strings; E.g. The Big Bang: what caused the initial singularity, what came before the initial singularity, etc. Considering "Nothingness" is an obvious fallacy, there must always be Something.

    Prove Nothingness, while keeping in mind: Nothingness can only be "proven" in the absence of an observer. If described (observed) by an observer, Nothing becomes something (think hard about this). This would also connote a field of infinite Nothingness randomly formed a spec (our Universe) of somethingness – which is nonsensical.

    Provisional science cannot claim authority over reality, at best it can only provide fuzzy hints. Science is a game of "let’s pretend," played with symbols and sensors. Its power lies in utility, not truth. To mistake physics/maths for reality is to worship the finger pointing at the moon.

    Our cosmological sciences are akin to a microorganism residing within a human (on Earth), actively exploring the Andromeda galaxy. Our nearly insignificant signals bouncing off of fragments of Infinity – the margins for error are "astronomical".

    "So far as the theories of mathematics are about reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality" – Albert Einstein

    Why would Nature form brains/minds to exhibit consciousness other than to experience reality; considering experiencing reality is the objective of consciousness?

    It connotes conscious intent, via consciousness (Nature).

    Consciousness/Experiences:

    Disneyland (Reality) – Patrons (Consciousness) = Nothingness = Fallacy.

    Instead, we Patrons (Nature) are the architects of our own theater called Reality.

    All life exists for the sake of experiences (regardless of good/bad).

    A thought experiment:

    On a plain sheet of paper, draw a single dot (.) in the very center.

    The paper represents infinite space. Everything beyond the boundaries of the sheet also represents endless (empty) space.

    The dot represents 'The Big Bang'.
    Everything humanity is aware of – exists within the dot (our currently expanding universe).

    If the observers of this singular dot, zoom far enough away – the dot will cease to exist. The dot will be extinguished through expansion/evaporation – wholly consumed by an infinite void (due to cosmic scales/distances). This would prohibit existence from 'being'. (Yet here we are).

    Furthermore this would connote The Big Bang occurred at random, within an infinite void of nothingness – suggesting 'somethingness from nothingness' – which is a fallacy.

    Without considering potential forces being exerted upon our reality/universe (from beyond the boundaries of our observations) – is an incomplete interpretation.

    Clearly the remainder of the sheet of paper cannot be an infinite void.

    The expansion of our universe is accelerating. If our cosmic expansion were occurring within a void, our reality would have concluded before it began (poof). (Yet here we are).

    If we are a facet of Infinity – we are Infinity. Along with everything being intimated.

    Instead imagine the sheet and everything beyond – riddled with infinite dots.

    Every universe is a particle, every particle is a universe.

    (Infinity is self-propagating).

    Thus Infinity is a superdeterministic preexisting condition.

    Infinity being absolute simultaneity.

    Expresses infinite probabilities – Deterministically.

    Every reality.

    Every life.

    Is an intended narrative.

    (The largest cannot exist without the smallest)

    Although our universe is finite (as evidenced by expansion).

    Infinity exists at a fixed maximal size, without borders/boundaries: Infinity is forever in every sense, within which infinite universes/realities are housed – each a distinct experience.

    (Infinity > Multi)

    Infinity accounts for every variation, including variations in thoughts.

    Reality is an infinite fractal consciousness; whereby all realities, every possibility, along with every imaginable and unimaginable thing, is a fragment of said consciousness – which we refer to as Nature.

    We are Nature.

    We are "God" (figurative); fragmented into infinite experiences.

    An Infinity without borders or constraints; with infinite energy.

    We are all the same entity; existing for the sake of experiences.

    Death Demystified'.

    In order to fully grasp the nature of Death; it is important that we understand Life.

    Reality is an infinite fractal consciousness; whereby all realities, every possibility, along with every imaginable and unimaginable thing, is a fragment of said consciousness – which we refer to as Nature.

    We are Nature.

    We are "God" (figurative); fragmented into infinite experiences.

    An Infinity without borders or constraints; with infinite energy…

    We are all the same entity; existing for the sake of experiences.

    Scenario:

    Individual A is hit by a car, witnesses B, C, and D are present.

    With the following occurring in simultaneity…

    Individual A(1) leaps up, unharmed – (it's a miracle), witnesses B(1), C(1), and D(1) disperse.

    Individual A(1) carries on with their life… (to be continued).

    Individual A(2) dies on impact, witnesses B(2), C(2), and D(2) recant the details.

    With both scenarios, factor the ensuing ramifications on everyone/everything involved, along with the subsequent entanglements (Butterfly Effect).

    Through each Death endured, Individual A(1-♾) experiences (gradually increasing) fantastic shifts in their personal narrative. Eventually leading to divergent experiences (kidnapped by aliens). These fragmented experiences overlap with all local (Earth) conscious narratives.

    Once an extreme apex has been achieved, reality resets for individual A, a randomized narrative starts anew… Corporeal Birth (simplification).

    Why do some individuals miraculously survive extreme situations?

    Why are some humans living caricatures?

    The Meaning of Life:

    Imagine an endless clear glass tube (representative of Time), within which exists a diorama of life on Earth. The left most section depicting our earliest single-celled ancestors (3.5 billion years ago), leading through our present and into a future yet to be experienced (farthest right).

    Notice the tube (Time) and the diorama of life displayed within – exists Simultaneously; Past, Present, and Future all occurring concurrently. Every life form within the history of existence, an interconnected narrative: as 'Futures' cannot exist without Past events.

    Similarly to reading a book, we can only examine moments of our lives which had already transpired (Past), those pages yet read (Future) remain uncertain until experienced (no cosmic spoilers). We can only surmise possible outcomes based on prior events (pages read), although never guaranteeing accuracy of predicting Future events.

    Without the existence of Conscious experiences, there would be Nothingness. Life experiences, Experiences, simply for the sake of experiencing – which is why Life chronically craves varieties of stimuli.

    Our corporeal forms are assigned avatars, which allows Consciousness to experience material reality.

    Works of fiction (books, cinema, video games, etc.), allows individuals to experience an extended Consciousness, whereby our emotional states carry-over into fictional narratives (frustration, anger, joy, elation…). All of this, despite understanding such events are merely virtual (occurring within said individuals imaginations).

    Books are experienced in chronological order instead of a randomized order; in order to maintain a cohesive narrative flow. Within fictional works, every character arc has their entire fate sealed; from inception to demise – luck/chance has already been decided throughout.

    This is also why every Life is experienced through a predetermined progression. Reality is a sensory experience, simply for the sake of experiencing a physical Life.

    Regarding Panpsychism:

    Have you ever dreamed a contemporary dream, one within a major city, buzzing with people? Although the entire dream is constructed from your consciousness, not all objects within are imbued with conscious experiences – only the observable lifeforms are. The buildings, streets, signs, cars, and all inanimate things are purely decorative. Inanimate objects (minerals) provided by reality are not conscious. People attend plays to watch living artists perform, the stage and props are not the stars.

    Time:

    A seemingly endless cadence of day/night cycles, conducted over the course of the Human epoch. Untold billions of Homo Sapiens Sapiens; generation after generation – conditioned by Nature to accept finality. The circadian rhythm, an innate mechanism, a constant reminder; consciousness an ephemeral experience, fleeting with every moment, through every exhalation. Selene a blanket of night, engulfing all into her dreamy embrace – the analog of Stella, raining rays of warmth, nourishing existence into being; beckoning the vivacity of life to stir yet again.

    Day into night, night into day – a rhythm to remind us that none of Natures constructs are created without an expiry. Whether measured by 6.62607004 × 10-34 m2 kg / s; or by a Supereon, we are cascading energies, propagating our collective experiences – vainly attempting to elicit a sense of ‘self’ in hopes of staving off oblivion. Not realizing that the only allowable paradox to exist, is existence; a lucid dream conducted by the everlasting artistry of Gaia.

    Time.


    the Alchemist
    -Ø1

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