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Indigenous Anti-Communism #2: State Terror in Latin America w/ Alexander Aviña

The Red Nation | November 12, 2026



For the second installment of our collaborative series on “Indigenous Anti-Communism”, we welcome Alexander Aviña , an associate professor of Latin American History at Arizona State University. Dr. Aviña’s research focuses on revolutionary movements, state violence and terrorism, immigration, and the history of narcotics production and trafficking. 

In this episode, we discuss the deep historical, political, and economic roots of anti-communism in Latin America, shaped by the Cold War and United States foreign policy. We examine the intersection of revolutionary movements, Indigenous struggles, and communist thought in Latin America. By highlighting state-sanctioned violence and “red-baiting” terrorism, we also interrogate contemporary conservative and right-wing currents in several Latin American countries, the recent revival of anti-communist rhetoric, and the consequences these have had for Indigenous communities.

If you enjoyed this episode of our series “Indigenous Anti-Communism” and don’t want to miss upcoming discussions, please subscribe or follow us wherever you get your podcast.

Music: Anastasia Alexxeeva/Анастасия Алексеева – Djohogoj/Дьөһөгөй

Produced by Red Media
www.patreon.com/redmediapr

Written by The Red Nation

Comments

This post currently has 16 comments.

  1. @Godbeliever2026

    November 12, 2026 at 7:59 am

    Catholicism never allowed for Latin America to become as wealthy as Latin Europe. Communism is even worse because it genocides people who are trying to live correctly (those who follow the Abrahamic way) as their teaching and conscience tells them.

  2. @lah6739

    November 12, 2026 at 7:59 am

    Excellent discussion. I learned a lot too. I was an solidarity activist with liberation movements in Latin America and the Caribbean in the late 1970s and 1980s. I'm non Indigenous and Canadian. I didn't fully grasp colonialism in Canada until my experience with the revolution in Grenada in 1979. I've been decolonizing my mind ever since. It's an ongoing process.
    I would live to listen to a discussion on settler colonialism in Canada and the US.

  3. @fallenswan1670

    November 12, 2026 at 7:59 am

    I really like this series, these conversations.
    While I know some communists see (if asked) that the old, indigenous ways are "proto-communism". I see that communism/socialism/anarchism are reflections of their era: these ideas are been invented after creation of scientific methods, but also, when and where capitalism was taken in power, focusing on countering the cancer, "capitalism". But also, all those three siblings (socialism/communism/anarchism) are by core connected to "humanism" by heart (note: in here by "humanism" I mean what is natural for humans as species, what been "normal" for humans most of last 300.000 years). So, there is deep connection to "humanism", the old ways. But those three siblings focus on countering capitalism. They do not know so much, what they want, but they know what they do not want.
    So, in one had, there is lot of great things, like analysis from Marx and Engels, which help people to understand society, economics, power structures… But there is so many questions, where also the three siblings are blindfolded, or even reflect colonialist attitudes. For example, I remember mention of Lev Trotsky saying that cultures are reflections their environment, and because once communism is achieved we can shape all the world as we please, so cultures will die and cultures does not matter. Without caring how people love or hate Trotsky, I would say that he was brilliant mind, but asshole as person (and his assholeness set his own destruction), but in this question he reflects colonialist "we are above everything else" attitude – instead of "we are part of this world" attitude. And I also think, that this kind of attitudes are possible in the three siblings, because they do not really have definition what they want, and they they too are products of their time, environment, and therefore are also reflecting some aspects of capitalism, colonialism, etc, even when they try to undo them.

    At least in here (I am Sámi person from part colonised/occupied by Finland today), at least in current era, socialists and communists are very scared to tell anything of what kind of society should be. (I do not know about anarchists, only anarchist I know are through internet and they are Yankees). I think it is quite much of PR loss from end of USSR, but it does not help anything. And that lack of courage is also their doom. In Finland, most "red" region is Lapland (Sámi land – Lap(p(ee)) means kind of "outer side of edge", so Lapland is kind of "colonised lands"). I mean in sense, that communists and "people's-democratic-league" socialists (=more radical than social democrats) – those who had good relations with USSR – been always more popular than in any other region. Even when there been focused suppression politics and try to use Christianity (and religious fanaticism) against the ideas in the region. And they been successful on these anti-communist politics, but still just some years ago third of population still voted for Left Alliance political party, till their last publicly visible communist of the party retired because of old age. But in Sámi land… the colonialist kind of partially adopted indigenous culture, in sense, that they feel often alienated from rest of colonisers. And also, colonisers do not really care about Lap(p)lands… They just like to see it painted in their colours in the maps. And maybe take gold and other metals from the land… Maybe drown some villages under waters because of dams (and prevent fishes to keep moving to upper stream of the river).

  4. @Sun4Lyfe

    November 12, 2026 at 7:59 am

    Thanks for this conversation. Theres so many side quests here to explore! One previous side quest i have logged is to look at the militant clergy, they may have been Marxist? But they were assasinated by the CIA in the 60'S – 80's i think. I read that this left a religious vaccume that would be filled by evangellical christianty? Not sure if anyone knows a good source to learn about that?

  5. @gilbermamani3040

    November 12, 2026 at 7:59 am

    I agree in many ways about the Andes, many internal colonialism issues were unresolved especially in Perú. Bolivia actually had an indigenous revolution in 1952, with land reform and achieving citizenship/ right to vote for the indigenous and women. In 2006 this only was intensified with the Evo Morales indigenous government and the creation of the Plurinational State. Andean Indigenous cultures became the national popular culture of Bolivia at all ethnic and socio economic levels.

  6. @JoshuaMarx

    November 12, 2026 at 7:59 am

    Tribalism was an ancient relic by the time Europeans were colonizing the Western Hemisphere; and it was so in no small part due to its failure to be anything but misery for most people that lived under it.
    Also I love how the western Liberals and"Leftists" that romanticize it ignore the reactionary structure of most of its historically demonstrated iterations or how utterly ineffective it was at defending itself from European colonization. At the end of the day, results and outcomes matter.

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